Waterfall Model

The Waterfall model is a breakdown of development activities into linear sequential phases, meaning they are passed down onto each other, where each phase depends on the deliverables of the previous one and corresponds to a specialization of tasks. The Waterfall model is a traditional sequential approach to software development, where each phase of the project is completed before moving on to the next. Waterfall promote adaptive planning, evolutionary development, early delivery, and continuous improvement. The phases typically include:

  • Requirements: Gathering and documenting all project requirements from stakeholders.
  • Design: Creating detailed design specifications based on the gathered requirements.
  • Implementation: Coding and developing the software based on the design specifications.
  • Testing: Conducting various testing activities, including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and user acceptance testing, to ensure the software meets the specified requirements.
  • Deployment: Deploying the fully developed and tested software to the production environment or making it available to end-users.
  • Maintenance: Providing ongoing maintenance and support for the software after it has been deployed, including bug fixes, updates, and enhancements.

In the Waterfall model, each phase must be completed before moving on to the next, and there is typically little to no overlap between phases. This sequential approach makes it easy to understand and manage the project but can lead to longer development cycles and limited flexibility to adapt to changes in requirements.

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